Computer Virus [10 TYPES OF COMPUTER VIRUS]

 Computer Virus [10 TYPES OF COMPUTER VIRUS]

Computer VIRUS

WHAT TYPES OF COMPUTER VIRUS

A computer virus is a computer program that can copy itself and infect a computer. A virus can spread from one computer to another when its host is taken to the target computer, for instance, because a user sent it over the Internet, or carried it on a removable medium such as a floppy disk, CD, DVD, or USB drive. Viruses can increase their chances of spreading to other computers by infecting files on a network file system or a file system that is accessed by another computer.

The Creeper virus was first detected on ARPANET, the forerunner of the Internet, in the early 1970s

The Reaper Program was created to delete creeper. 

The actual term ' virus ' was first used in David Gerrold's 1972 novel, when HARLIE was one.

A program called " Elk Cloner " was the first computer virus to appear in the wild " that is, outside the single computer or lab where it was created .attached itself to the APPLE DOS 3.3 operating system and spread via floppy disk. 

The first PC virus in the wild was a boot sector virus " Brain " created in 1986. 

With the spread of personal computers, traditional computer viruses emerged in 1980. Bulletin board-driven software sharing contributed directly to the spread of Trojan horse programs. Shareware and bootleg software were equally common vectors for viruses on BBS .

Macro Viruses have become common since the mid-1990. Most of these viruses are written in the scripting languages for Microsoft Programs such as Word and Excel and spread throughout Microsoft Office by infecting documents and spreadsheets.

Viruses that spread using cross-site scripting were first reported in 2002 and were academically demonstrated in 2005. There have been multiple instances of cross-site scripting viruses in the wild, exploiting websites such as MySpace and Yahoo. The most popular five computer virus have come into light so far as follows : 

( 1 ) I Love You ( 2000 ) It spreads through emails.

( ii ) Code Red (2001 ) It affects Windows servers.

( iii ) Nimada ( 2001 ) It is the most rampant virus.

( iv ) Melissa ( 1999 ) It spreads through Word Macro and emails. 

( v ) Sasser ( 2004 ) It spreads by attaching to port 445 on the network windows system.

TYPES OF COMPUTER VIRUS

1. A computer virus is a malicious software program that replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its code into them. There are many types of computer viruses, each with unique characteristics and impact on the infected system, data, and files. Here are some of the most common types of computer viruses:

2. Macro Virus: This virus infects files that contain macros, which are scripts that run within programs like Microsoft Word, Excel, and PowerPoint. These viruses can cause a variety of problems, such as deleting files, altering data, and spreading to other documents and files on the system.

3. Memory Resident Virus: This virus stays in memory even after the infected program is closed. It can run in the background, infecting other programs, files, and folders on the system. Memory resident viruses can steal sensitive information such as passwords and credit card numbers.

4. File Infector Virus: This virus infects files by attaching its code to executable files or programs. When the infected program is executed, the virus code is executed, and it can spread to other files on the system. File infector viruses can corrupt files and data, making them unusable.

5. Polymorphic Virus: This virus is a sophisticated type of malware that can change its signature and code to avoid detection by antivirus software. This virus can change its structure and encryption technique every time it replicates itself, making it difficult to detect and remove.

6. Worms: Worms are self-replicating viruses that spread through networks and the internet. Worms can cause a lot of damage because they can spread quickly and infect a large number of computers within a short time. They can steal sensitive information, delete files, and make the system unstable.

7. Trojan Horse Virus: This virus disguises itself as a legitimate program or software to trick the user into downloading and installing it. Once installed, the Trojan horse virus can steal sensitive information like passwords and credit card details or give the attacker remote access to the infected system.

8. Ransomware: Ransomware is one of the most dangerous types of computer viruses. It encrypts the victim's files and demands payment in exchange for the decryption key. Ransomware can spread quickly and can cause significant damage to businesses and individuals.

9. Adware and Spyware: These types of viruses track the user's online activity and collect personal information for advertising purposes. Adware can create annoying pop-up ads, while spyware can steal sensitive information like passwords, credit card details, and browsing history.

10. Rootkit Virus: This virus hides its presence 

from the operating system and antivirus software by modifying the system's kernel. The rootkit virus can give the attacker access to the infected system's data and files.

In conclusion

knowing the different types of computer viruses is essential for protecting your system, data, and files. Investing in good antivirus software and keeping your system up-to-date with security patches can help prevent most attacks. It is also crucial to be cautious when downloading and installing software and opening email attachments from unknown sources.

Antivirus Software and Other Preventive Measures 

1. By using the Virus Signature Definitions list

2. By using Heuristics Algorithm Some antivirus programs are capable of ' On the Fly ' scanning of received e-mails along with scanning of open files. This process is known as 'On-Access' scanning. Antivirus software can destroy the viruses by finding them. The antivirus software uses two common methods in order to detect viruses. d Antivirus software does not alter the efficiency of the host software for the communication of viruses. These softwares need to be updated regularly so that new viruses can be detected Loss incurred by the viruses can also be negated by the regular backup of data on other mediums. If any data gets misplaced due to this virus then we can retrack it by backup.

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